Mahmood Naghizadeh; Manoochehr Tavangar; Mohammad Amoozadeh
Volume 3, Issue 4 , January 2012
Abstract
The present paper seeks to study the relationship between spatial mentality and the spatial language. Using Leibnitz’s theory which considers space as relational in language, and based on Levinson’s model (2006) in the classification of space domain, we survey the structuring process of the space ...
Read More
The present paper seeks to study the relationship between spatial mentality and the spatial language. Using Leibnitz’s theory which considers space as relational in language, and based on Levinson’s model (2006) in the classification of space domain, we survey the structuring process of the space concept in Persian language. The required data were gathered from among spoken and written sentences in standard Persian containing place prepositions motor-verbs and other grammatical categories referring to place. The data were analyzed with regard to the concepts of “deicticity”, “semantic extension” and “mental space” in Persian language. The results indicated that the speaker adopts a speaker-orientated approach and puts himself in the center or the spatial zero point and describes the position of things with regard to his own location
Vali Rezai
Volume 3, Issue 4 , January 2012
Abstract
Causative constructions play an important role in the mental and linguistic system of human beings. The methodology that is used in this paper for studying causative constructions in Persian is the combination of the Morphology-based approach and Song’s model (1996, 2001). Emphasizing the causer NP ...
Read More
Causative constructions play an important role in the mental and linguistic system of human beings. The methodology that is used in this paper for studying causative constructions in Persian is the combination of the Morphology-based approach and Song’s model (1996, 2001). Emphasizing the causer NP and the causee NP, we draw the semantic map of the causer NP (based on the animacy hierarchy). In addition, we studied the position of the causee NP in Case hierarchy. The iconicity of the linguistic distance and conceptual distance between the causer NP and the causee NP were also studied. The results of this study show that the position of the causee NP in Case hierarchy is not always fixed and sometimes it has a flexible position. Also the linguistic distance between the causer NP and the causee NP in lexical causatives usually reveals the conceptual distance between them, so it is iconic. But in syntactic causatives this linguistic distance is not always iconic.
Mojtaba Namvar Faragi; Mohammad Reza Pahlavannezhad
Volume 3, Issue 4 , January 2012
Abstract
Causative constructions play an important role in the mental and linguistic system of human beings. The methodology that is used in this paper for studying causative constructions in Persian is the combination of the Morphology-based approach and Song’s model (1996, 2001). Emphasizing the causer NP ...
Read More
Causative constructions play an important role in the mental and linguistic system of human beings. The methodology that is used in this paper for studying causative constructions in Persian is the combination of the Morphology-based approach and Song’s model (1996, 2001). Emphasizing the causer NP and the causee NP, we draw the semantic map of the causer NP (based on the animacy hierarchy). In addition, we studied the position of the causee NP in Case hierarchy. The iconicity of the linguistic distance and conceptual distance between the causer NP and the causee NP were also studied. The results of this study show that the position of the causee NP in Case hierarchy is not always fixed and sometimes it has a flexible position. Also the linguistic distance between the causer NP and the causee NP in lexical causatives usually reveals the conceptual distance between them, so it is iconic. But in syntactic causatives this linguistic distance is not always iconic.
Mohsen Sadeghi; Mohammad Taghi Rashed Mohassel
Volume 3, Issue 4 , January 2012
Abstract
Quran Quds is a valuable text of Persian language. In addition to religious benefits, this translation of Quran has many linguistic advantages. Some of the words of this book are old words which are rarely used in other texts. Others are certainly dialectical and are not used in other texts. This article ...
Read More
Quran Quds is a valuable text of Persian language. In addition to religious benefits, this translation of Quran has many linguistic advantages. Some of the words of this book are old words which are rarely used in other texts. Others are certainly dialectical and are not used in other texts. This article tries to exemplify some of these words which are common get in the dialects of South Khorasan with at least one dialectical sentence. These words are not recorded in the existing dictionaries and if they are, the recorded meanings are incomplete.
Mehrdad Naghzguy Kohan
Volume 3, Issue 4 , January 2012
Abstract
Degrammaticalization is regarded as a process in which grams lose their grammatical properties. This process is attested in many languages of the world. Its related findings have evidently weakened the claim of unidirectionality in grammaticalization. Degrammation, deinflectionalization and debonding ...
Read More
Degrammaticalization is regarded as a process in which grams lose their grammatical properties. This process is attested in many languages of the world. Its related findings have evidently weakened the claim of unidirectionality in grammaticalization. Degrammation, deinflectionalization and debonding are among the major types of degrammaticalization established for this process of change (Norde2009:3). In this article, based on the evidence from prose texts of New Persian, it is illustrated that the verbal prefixes of be- and ne- in their development in the process of grammaticalization passed through the stages of function words and clitics, and finally have been used as inflectional verbal prefixes. In an evidently recent development, these two prefixes in some of their occurrences have changed into derivational prefixes. In this process of deinflectionalization, be- and ne- , unlike their inflectional counterparts, are no longer stress-bearing prefixes and they can change the class of the bases they are attached to. The whole picture of change in be- and ne- suggests that the two processes of grammaticalization and degrammaticalization cannot be considered as mirror image of each other, since be- and ne- in their degrammaticalization do not move back to the same path of change through which they became more grammaticalized
Mehrzad Mansouri
Volume 3, Issue 4 , January 2012
Abstract
The study of internal structure and functions of pronouns across languages can be useful for typological, theoretical as well as descriptive studies. Personal pronouns in Iranian languages and dialects have been investigated in the present study. The study has indicated that the pronouns are in clitic ...
Read More
The study of internal structure and functions of pronouns across languages can be useful for typological, theoretical as well as descriptive studies. Personal pronouns in Iranian languages and dialects have been investigated in the present study. The study has indicated that the pronouns are in clitic as well as free morphemes. The study also indicated that the languages and dialects benefit from various linguistic tools to show the effect of variables like person, number, gender, transitivity and tense. The study has also shown that the investigated languages have three forms in person and two in number. Regarding gender, almost all are neutral. The clitic forms of pronouns are in either enclitic or post-clitics. In some dialects it has been indicated that tense is of effective variables. Transitivity and ergativity are two of the factors that have been found effective in the study
