azam Estaji
Volume 2, Issue 3 , October 2010
Abstract
In Modern Persian the interrogative pronoun, the relative pronoun and the complementizer ke are homophonous and formally identical. The present paper based on the historical data from Persian, attempts to find the cause of this identity. Do they come from the same source or is this just an accident? ...
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In Modern Persian the interrogative pronoun, the relative pronoun and the complementizer ke are homophonous and formally identical. The present paper based on the historical data from Persian, attempts to find the cause of this identity. Do they come from the same source or is this just an accident?
Harris and Campbell (1995: 282-313) on discussing the development of complex constructions make the point that “certain devices that mark subordination do indeed originate in questions and are then extended to subordination” (ibid: 308).
Examining the formal devices used for marking subordination, complementation and forming questions in Old Persian, Middle Persian and Modern New Persian shows that:
a. In Old Persian the interrogative pronoun is quite distinct from the relative pronoun and the complementizer.
b. In Middle Persian the interrogative pronoun is homophonous with the relative pronoun but the complementizer is still distinct.
c. In Early New Persian, in some cases the complementizer overlaps with the other two forms.
d. In Modern New Persian the three forms have become the homophonous Ke, formally resembling the interrogative pronoun in Old Persian.
So it seems that the Persian data give support to Harris and Campbell's point.
Shahla Raghibdoust; Mousa Ghonchepour
Volume 2, Issue 3 , October 2010
Abstract
This research has studied the language disorders of Persian-speaking aphasic patients to evaluate their comprehension abilities of simple and compound nouns, and to specify the categories having the largest number of vulnerabilities. The subjects were 3 monolingual patients (2 Broca’s and 1 transcortical ...
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This research has studied the language disorders of Persian-speaking aphasic patients to evaluate their comprehension abilities of simple and compound nouns, and to specify the categories having the largest number of vulnerabilities. The subjects were 3 monolingual patients (2 Broca’s and 1 transcortical motor aphasics) referring to speech therapy clinics of Shafa Hospital and Welfare Rehabilitation Center in Kerman city. Three normal control individuals matched in terms of gender, age, education, place of residence, native language and handedness also participated in the study. Research instruments were spoken word picture matching and associative word picture matching tests. The stimuli were 32 simple and 32 root and synthetic compound nouns. The results indicated that Broca and Motor Transcortical aphasic patients did not show a significant difference in comprehension of root and synthetic compound nouns (p= 0/179), while there was a statistically significant difference between the comprehension of simple and compound nouns (p
Ali Darzi; Sara Sharifpour
Volume 2, Issue 3 , October 2010
Abstract
This research has studied the language disorders of Persian-speaking aphasic patients to evaluate their comprehension abilities of simple and compound nouns, and to specify the categories having the largest number of vulnerabilities. The subjects were 3 monolingual patients (2 Broca’s and 1 transcortical ...
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This research has studied the language disorders of Persian-speaking aphasic patients to evaluate their comprehension abilities of simple and compound nouns, and to specify the categories having the largest number of vulnerabilities. The subjects were 3 monolingual patients (2 Broca’s and 1 transcortical motor aphasics) referring to speech therapy clinics of Shafa Hospital and Welfare Rehabilitation Center in Kerman city. Three normal control individuals matched in terms of gender, age, education, place of residence, native language and handedness also participated in the study. Research instruments were spoken word picture matching and associative word picture matching tests. The stimuli were 32 simple and 32 root and synthetic compound nouns. The results indicated that Broca and Motor Transcortical aphasic patients did not show a significant difference in comprehension of root and synthetic compound nouns (p= 0/179), while there was a statistically significant difference between the comprehension of simple and compound nouns (p
Mohammad Reza Pirooz
Volume 2, Issue 3 , October 2010
Abstract
With the emergence of the theory of control in linguistics and the introduction of PRO as one of the empty categories in Government and Binding, one can find the investigation of the interpretive properties of PRO in the generative agenda. Within these studies, especially within the Minimalist tradition, ...
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With the emergence of the theory of control in linguistics and the introduction of PRO as one of the empty categories in Government and Binding, one can find the investigation of the interpretive properties of PRO in the generative agenda. Within these studies, especially within the Minimalist tradition, some new properties were added to the list while others lost their values. As such, a new picture of this empty category is depicted in recent literature. Based on the data from Persian, this study aims to revise these properties and to introduce a revised version of them.
Batool Alinezhad; Atefe Sadat Mirsaeedi
Volume 2, Issue 3 , October 2010
Abstract
The present article explores and analyzes the acoustic aspect of vowel-to-consonant assimilation in Colloquial Persian. To do so, the acoustic variables of intensity, duration, F1, F2, and F3 of the two phonemes are investigated on which assimilation is applied. This research involves the analysis of ...
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The present article explores and analyzes the acoustic aspect of vowel-to-consonant assimilation in Colloquial Persian. To do so, the acoustic variables of intensity, duration, F1, F2, and F3 of the two phonemes are investigated on which assimilation is applied. This research involves the analysis of acoustic properties of each phoneme in a non-assimilated phonetic context in initial, intervocalic, and final position and then these properties will be compared with acoustic properties of the same phonemes in an assimilated phonetic context. In this way, the acoustic variable of assimilated sound whose average value is between the acoustic properties of the two phonemes in assimilated and non-assimilated phonetic context would show the assimilation process. The results of this analysis show a kind of acoustic assimilation in the variables of intensity, duration, F1, F2, and F3 of the two phonemes in question.
Ferdows Aqa Gol Zadeh; Aliyeh Kord-e Zafaranlu Kambuziya; Eftekhar Sadat Tehrani
Volume 2, Issue 3 , October 2010
Abstract
In this paper, the writers try to define and describe the formulaic speech in Farsi. Formulaic speech is a term used in theoretical and descriptive studies of grammar to refer to utterances which lack normal syntactic or morphological characteristics. The method of the research is based on documentary ...
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In this paper, the writers try to define and describe the formulaic speech in Farsi. Formulaic speech is a term used in theoretical and descriptive studies of grammar to refer to utterances which lack normal syntactic or morphological characteristics. The method of the research is based on documentary and field work. One hundred Farsi formulaic speeches which are most popular among Farsi native speakers were chosen and two questionnaire, each one including 50 formulaic speeches and some questions, were prepared and answered by 200 Farsi speakers. Formulaic speeches are represented in Farsi as proverbs, expression/idioms and phatics. Analyzing the answers given to the questionnaires indicates that age, gender and level of education can be considered as the effective factors for using some of Formulaic speeches while for other formalic speeches no remarkable differences were observed.
Nader Jahangiri; Zahra Roohi
Volume 2, Issue 3 , October 2010
Abstract
Down Syndrome (SD), the most common genetic cause of mental retardation, results in characteristic physical and neuropsychological deficits and abnormalities especially within the scope of cognitive and linguistic abilities.This study has been carried out to introduce and investigate some of the most ...
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Down Syndrome (SD), the most common genetic cause of mental retardation, results in characteristic physical and neuropsychological deficits and abnormalities especially within the scope of cognitive and linguistic abilities.This study has been carried out to introduce and investigate some of the most important and efficient causes involved in speech delay and linguistic deficits in DS. These causes are :
1- Structural and functional deficits in speech articulatory organs.
2- Hearing impairments.
3- Short – term memory impairments.
4- The specific laterality pattern in language perception and articulation.
5- Structural and functional brain abnormalities.
It is necessary to note that most researchers believe that brain abnormalities especially in cognitive- linguistic regions is the most prominent in the before – mentioned causes. It worth noting these brain abnormalities have great varieties.
Shahla Sharifi; Seyyede Maryam Fazaeli
Volume 2, Issue 3 , October 2010
Abstract
This article aims to investigate the linguistic representation of power in Molana’s letters within the critical discourse analysis framework. The power relationship is represented directly or indirectly. To investigate the linguistic representation of power, the letters were categorized in two types: ...
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This article aims to investigate the linguistic representation of power in Molana’s letters within the critical discourse analysis framework. The power relationship is represented directly or indirectly. To investigate the linguistic representation of power, the letters were categorized in two types: those addressed to non-relatives and those addressed to relatives. Each type then was divided into two subsidiary categories. The non-relatives category was sub-categorized to the letters addressed to politicians and letters addressed to Molana’s students, the other category was subdivided into the letters addressed to molana’s children and Molana’s daughter-in-law.
The results show that in most letters the representation of power is indirect. This indirectness serves the functions of saving the addressee’s face and politeness. In a limited number of letters, the representation of power is direct. This directness shows that Molana stands in a higher status relative to his students, children and in-laws.
