Document Type : Original Article
Author
Assistant professor, Department of linguistics, Payame Noor University
Abstract
Abstract
Dynamical systems approach provides a theoretical framework for describing metaphor in face-to-face conversation and rests on the idea that metaphor is not static mapping between domains; it is considered as a temporary stability that emerges from the interaction of interconnected systems of social use and cognitive activities in language. Drawing on dynamical system approach, the present paper sets out to study creating and understanding systematic metaphors in election debates in Persian. This is a descriptive-analytical study and data were collected by observing debates for Iran parliament election in 1402. Results indicate that in creating metaphor as a self-organized process, embodied aspects of repeated biological experience such as FAR-NEAR (get far from topic) and primary metaphors like PERSISTENCE IS REMAINING ERECT(GHAD ALAM KARDAN, to stand upright) are considered as points of equilibrium and basins for the emergence of metaphorical utterances. Furthermore, different vehicle terms (gambling, right) were used to conceptualize the same topic (election). This variety in conceptualization might lead to different understanding and reasoning of the world and various unpredictable metaphorical expressions (phase change). Finally, creating conceptual metaphors (Sistan as a dying human being), force schema (SANGIN KARDAN TARH, to overload a parliament bill) and novel metaphorical expressions (TAGHDIM KADU BE MOKHALEFIN, giving gifts to the opposition or rival candidates) together with cultural components and contextual-cognitive elements may be considered as the basin for creating metaphor that are activated in nonlinear patterns and in different temporal and social scales.
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