Document Type : علمی - پژ‍وهشی
Authors
1 Tarbiat Modares University
2 Ferdowsi University of Mashhad
Abstract
This research aims to explore the observance of Syllable Contact Law (SCL) in Persian simple words. To achieve this aim, 4661 contacts were extracted from 9553 simple polysyllabic words. Results show that in 45% of the syllable boundaries the sonority drops from the coda of the first syllable to the onset of the next one. Also in 68% of the consonant contacts in pure Persian words SCL is observed. Therefore, we conclude that although the SCL is not observed in Persian polysyllabic simple words, it is observed in most consonant contacts of pure Persian data.
Keywords
احمدی، مهدی. (1379). تحلیل منحنی های زیروبمی هجاهای CVزبان فارسی با توجه به طبقۀ رسایی هجا. پایان نامۀ کارشناسی ارشد گروه زبان شناسی دانشگاه تهران.
اسلامی، فیروزه. (1388). بررسی واج آرایی زبان فارسی باستان؛ پایان نامه کارشناسی ارشد. گروه زبان شناسی دانشگاه تربیت مدرس.
اسلامی، محرم، افشین رحیمی و بهرام وزیرنژاد. (1390). «توزیع رسایی در خوشه‌های دوهمخوانی مرز هجا در زبان فارسی». در پروانه خسروی‌زاده. مجموعه مقالات دومین هم‌اندیشی زبان‌شناسی رایانشی. انجمن زبان‌شناسی ایران، تهران.
انوری، حسن. (1382). فرهنگ فشردۀ سخن؛ تهران: انتشارات علمی.
ثمره، یدالله. (1378). آواشناسی زبان فارسی: آواها و ساخت آوایی هجاها (ویرایش دوم)؛ تهران: مرکز نشر دانشگاهی.
دهخدا، علی اکبر. (1325). لغت نامه؛ تهران: دانشگاه تهران، مؤسسۀ لغت نامۀ دهخدا.
صدری‌افشار، غلامحسین، و نسرین حکمی. (1381). فرهنگ معاصر فارسی یک جلدی. تهران: فرهنگ معاصر.
کامبوزیا، عالیه ک. ز. (1385). واج شناسی: رویکردهای قاعده بنیاد. تهران: سمت.
مشیری، مهشید. (1369). فرهنگ زبان فارسی. تهران: انتشارات سروش.
معین، محمد. (1386). فرهنگ فارسی معین یک جلدی. تهران: انتشارات فرهنگ نما.
Ahmadkhani, Mohammad Reza. (2010). "Phonological Metathesis in Persian: Synchronic, Diachronic, and Optimality Theory". Pazhuheshe Zabanha-ye Khareji. 56, 5-24.
Bell, Alan, and Joan B. Hooper. (1978). "Issues and evidence in syllabic phonology". In A. Bell and J. Hooper (Eds.), Syllables and segments. Amsterdam: North Holland Publishing Company, 3-24.
Butskhrikidze, Marika. (2002). The Consonant Phonotactics of Georgian. The Netherlands: LOT.
Crystal, David (2008). A Dictionary of Linguistics and Phonetics (6th ed.); Malden, Oxford & Carlton: Blackwell.
Clements, G. N. (1990). "The role of the sonority cycle in core syllabification". In J. Kingston and M. Beckman (Eds.), Papers in Laboratory Phonology 1: Between the Grammar and Physics of Speech. New York: Cambridge University Press, 283-333.
Foley, James. (1977). Foundations of theoretical phonology. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
Gouskova, Maria. (2004). "Relational Hierarchies in Optimality Theory: the case of Syllable Contact". Phonology. 21, 201-250.
Greenberg, J. H. (1978). "Some generalizations concerning initial and final consonant clusters". In J. H. Greenberg (Ed.), Universals of human languages, vol. 2: Phonology. Stanford: Stanford University Press, 243-279.
Harris, James. (1983). Syllable structure and stress in Spanish: a nonlinear analysis. Cambridge, Mass.: MIT Press.
Henke, Eric, Ellen M. Kaisse & Richard Wright. (2012). "Is the Sonority Sequencing Principle an epiphenomenon?". In Steve Parker (ed.), The sonority controversy. Berlin/Boston: De Gruyter Mouton, 65–100.
Holt, D. Eric. (1997). The Role of the Listener in the Historical Phonology of Spanish and Portuguese: An Optimality-Theoretic Account. Georgetown University: Ph.D. Dissertation. ROA-278.
Holt, D. Eric. (2004). Optimization of Syllable Contact in Old Spanish via the Sporadic Sound Change Metathesis. Probus Vol.16: 43-61
Hooper, Joan B. (1976). An Introduction to Generative Phonology. New York: Academic Press.
Jespersen, Otto. (1904). Lehrbuch der Phonetik. Leipzig and Berlin: B. G. Teubner.
Ladefoged, Peter. (1975). A Course in Phonetics. New York, Chicago: Harcourt Brace Jovanovich.
Laver, John. (1994). Principles of Phonetics. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press
Mahootian, Shahrzad. (1997). Persian. USA & Canada: Routledge.
Murray, Robert W., and Theo Vennemann, (1983). "Sound change and syllable structure in Germanic phonology". Language. 59: 514-528.
Parker, Steve. (2002). Quantifying the Sonority Hierarchy. Linguistics, University of Massachusetts, Amherst: Ph.d. Dissertation.
Parker, Steve. (2008). "Sound level protrusions as physical correlates of sonority". Journal of Phoneti. 36, 55-90.
Roca, Iggy. (1994). Generative Phonology. London & New York: Routledge.
Roca, Iggy and Wyn Johnson. (1999). A Course in Phonology. Malden,Oxford: Blackwell.
Samareh, Yadollah. (1977). The Arrangement of Segmental Phonemes in Farsi. Tehran: Tehran University Publications.
Smolensky, Paul. (1995). On the internal structure of the constraint component Con of UG, Handout of a talk given at UCLA on 4/7/95. ROA-86.
van der Hulst, Harry. (1984). Syllable Structure and Stress in Dutch. Dordrecht: Foris.
Vennemann, Theo. (1988). Preference Laws for Syllable Structure and the Explanation of Sound Change. Berlin, New York, Amsterdam: Mouton de Gruyter.
Windfuhr, Gernot L. (2009). The Iranian Languages. London & NY: Routledge.
McGowan, Kevin B. (2008). "Gradient Lexical Reflexes of the Syllable Contact Law". Retrieved from http://kmc gowan.rice. edu/publications/ mcgowan-cls45.pdf
Melick, Christy. (2012). "The Syllable Contact Law in Mbelime". Retrieved from http://www.gial.edu/images/gialens/vol6-1/Melick_Mbelime.pdf
Pennington, Ryan. (2012). "Review of 'Is the Sonority Sequencing Principle an epiphenomenon?' by Henke, Kaisse & Wright". Retrieved from https://www.academia.edu/4783056/Review_of_Is_the_Sonority_Sequencing_Principle_an_epiphenomenon_by_Henke_Kaisse_and_Wright
Rahimi, Afshin, Moharram Eslami and Bahram Vazirnezhad. (2011). "Syllable Contact Law in Persian". Retrieved from http://sharif.ir /~bahram /papers/scl.pdf
)
Send comment about this article