Zahra Ekhtiari
Abstract
The people living in the historical village of Khanik in Gonabad City have a number of peculiarities in their speaking language. The dialect of the village, for a variety of natural and geographical factors such as enclosure and lack of immigration, has remained partially intact. A unique feature of ...
Read More
The people living in the historical village of Khanik in Gonabad City have a number of peculiarities in their speaking language. The dialect of the village, for a variety of natural and geographical factors such as enclosure and lack of immigration, has remained partially intact. A unique feature of the Khanik dialect is the widespread use of a specific tense which has persisted from a long time ago. In this tense, we have the intention of doing something in the past, which has not been realized until the present time, but is expected to be completed in the future.
An example of this tense is a sentence like [ma:sta m boda bo boxoro m] (I had wanted to have eaten). This is called "future perfect" or "past in the future", which should not be confused with the "future in the past" described in some grammar books. Further, the application of some tenses unprecedented in Farsi language and structures that were only employed in the ancient texts is common in Khanik dialect.
This tense, recorded through interviews with the elderly and illiterate speakers of Khanik village, is presented based on the results of several articles on verbs in Khanik dialect and its comparison with historical and grammatical texts.
Zahra Ekhtiari
Abstract
The different constructions of [ah] which is an infinitive are prevalent in the dialect of the historical village of Xanik and its neighboring villages. Singular second person paradigm in present tense of [ah] infinitive in the dialect is a survivor of Sanskrit and Old Persian languages. Some constructions ...
Read More
The different constructions of [ah] which is an infinitive are prevalent in the dialect of the historical village of Xanik and its neighboring villages. Singular second person paradigm in present tense of [ah] infinitive in the dialect is a survivor of Sanskrit and Old Persian languages. Some constructions of this infinitive are widely used, because they are attributive verbs meaning is being and was being. This article indicates constructions of the [ah] infinitive in the dialect of contemporary Xanikians. Furthermore, a record of the mentioned infinitive is examined in Sanskrit, Old Persian, Avestan and Middle Persian languages. Also, the paradigms of this infinitive in Xanik dialect are compared with the contemporary dialects which are prevalent among different local dialects such as Kakhkian, Ferdowsian and Gazikian. Although [ah] infinitive is used in Kakhkian dialects, it has some differences with them. There are traces of this infinitive in Ferdowsian and Gazikian dialects. There is not root [ah] in Standard Persian. Inflection of verbs constructed with [ah] has not been examined already and this article is the first research that has introduced it.
