Critical Discourse Analysis
Erfan Ebrahimi; Behrooz Mahmoodi-Bakhtiari
Volume 15, Issue 4 , March 2024, Pages 1-24
Abstract
This study examined the discourses of two dramatic texts written by Naghmeh Samini according to the hegemony of the time of production and consumption of the text. The plays Sheklak and Khab dar Fenjan-e Khali were published in between 2004 and 2008. The selected texts were used over the same time as ...
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This study examined the discourses of two dramatic texts written by Naghmeh Samini according to the hegemony of the time of production and consumption of the text. The plays Sheklak and Khab dar Fenjan-e Khali were published in between 2004 and 2008. The selected texts were used over the same time as the fundamentalist government governed. In this research, the plays were not studied as mere artistic texts, but as a linguistic elements that include different discourses. Using Fairclough's critical discourse analysis, the social practice of dramatic texts were investigated. Using his three-stage model, i.e., analyzing the text, finding the discourse practice, and finding the social practice, the texts were analyzed. The results showed that the ruling discourse of that time had an impact on the formation of texts, and at the same time, the discourses used by the author in the plays are based on the author’s gender and some other characteristics. The discourse is far from the articulation of the hegemonic discourse of the time. Although the author tries to distance himself from hegemony by using linguistic tools, yet the extent of this distance and how ideology and power are reflected in the texts can be examined.
Linguistics
Faeqe Ebrahim Poornik; Aliyeh Kord Zafaranlu Kambuziya; Mohammad Dabirmoghaddam
Volume 15, Issue 4 , March 2024, Pages 25-49
Abstract
This research tried to investigate a specific case of pronominal enclitic (eš/aš) in colloquial Persian based on functional approach. Two novels including a total of 56,500 words and the data on the internet were used as corpus. A corpus of 110 sentences with the desired structure were ...
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This research tried to investigate a specific case of pronominal enclitic (eš/aš) in colloquial Persian based on functional approach. Two novels including a total of 56,500 words and the data on the internet were used as corpus. A corpus of 110 sentences with the desired structure were extracted. The investigation revealed that the reference of pronominal enclitic is the common and assumed knowledge of interlocutors which might be represented as a proposition in the discourse or activated by an element in the language. The pronominal enclitic is structurally a presupposition trigger and adjuncts (rastaš, haqiqataš, vaqeiataš) are discourse markers. The reference enclitic holds old information and is a specified definite. The predicate following enclitic holds new information and is a specified indefinite. This predicate contains focal information. The third person singular enclitic appears both as an adjunct and as a clause at the beginning of the sentence and can be omitted. Their semantic and pragmatic function is truth assertion.
Semantics
Seyed Asghar Musavi; Akbar Shabani; batul fakhreslam; parvin dokht mashhoor
Volume 15, Issue 4 , March 2024, Pages 51-73
Abstract
Semiotics is studies the sign systems, the process of interpretation, the meaning and the truth hidden behind the codes, signs and symbols. This knowledge has considerable applications and functions in various areas of human relations. Literature, including children's literature is one of the most important ...
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Semiotics is studies the sign systems, the process of interpretation, the meaning and the truth hidden behind the codes, signs and symbols. This knowledge has considerable applications and functions in various areas of human relations. Literature, including children's literature is one of the most important of these areas. Using Roland Barrett's views, this study tried to analyze the children's poems of Salman Harati with an analytical-descriptive method. The results showed that Harati's poems, due to such issues as reference to various fields of natural and ideological elements, pristine, simple and intimate nature, outstanding temporal and spatial coordinates, and social themes and idealistic discourse, is able to produce various codes, and consequently various meanings and interpretations. Although these characteristics are directly related to the readers’ abilities, they show that when assessed by the interpretation mechanisms of codes and analysis of other semiotic elements, his poems have a structured and thoughtful semantic structure. The action and effect of the logic of conversationalism in his poetry is another factor that provides the reader with space and the possibility of reproducing content in the process of innertext and outertext interpretations. The narrative in Harati’s poetry, as an integration factor of vertical axis, has produced a variety of codes. This process, with regard to the remarkable manifestation of the codes of narrative, hermeneutic and symbolic action, demonstrates the narrative capacity and the signifier nature of his poetry. Meta-examplar implications in Harati’s poems cause objective and clear associations and effectively involve metatext in the interpretation and analysis of signs.
Pragmatics
Elham Ziyayi; Azam Estaji; Atiyeh Kamyabi Gol
Volume 15, Issue 4 , March 2024, Pages 75-105
Abstract
Mathematical concepts including counting, comparing, and the spatial value of numbers is among the most fundamental fields that has many impacts on individuals’ life. In the process of counting, the child must retrieve the phonetic representations of numerical words. This is possible through phonological ...
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Mathematical concepts including counting, comparing, and the spatial value of numbers is among the most fundamental fields that has many impacts on individuals’ life. In the process of counting, the child must retrieve the phonetic representations of numerical words. This is possible through phonological working memory. This study attempted to study the impact of phonemic awareness training on the performance of female students in the second grade of elementary school in the area of mathematical concepts. So, the study was done on 140 second grade female students of Quchan elementary school in the Iranian academic year of 1401-1402 (2022-2023). Seventy students were selected as the control group and 70 students were selected as the experimental group. The experimental group was exposed to phonological awareness training during 10 sessions of 30-35 minutes. A pre-test and a post-test were conducted from both groups both in the phonological awareness and mathematical concepts. The results showed that teaching phonological awareness skills in mathematical concepts has a significant impact on female students in the second grade of elementary school. The results are in line with the results of other studies conducted in this field, but the different aspect of this research was the dividing of phonemic awareness skill based on age and just considering the field of mathematical concepts specifically. Only concepts was discussed in this study.
Word construction
Kourosh Karimi; Arezoo Najafian; Razieh Mahdi Beyraghdar; Seyed Mohammad Hosseini-Maasoum
Volume 15, Issue 4 , March 2024, Pages 107-137
Abstract
This study attempted to explore the hierarchical schematic system governing the formation of Sorani Kurdish exocentric nominal compounds to achieve their general meaning making model via the application of analytical-descriptive method based on Booij's (2010) construction morphology framework. In the ...
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This study attempted to explore the hierarchical schematic system governing the formation of Sorani Kurdish exocentric nominal compounds to achieve their general meaning making model via the application of analytical-descriptive method based on Booij's (2010) construction morphology framework. In the first phase of data collection, 1400 nominal compounds of Kurdish-Persian Dictionary of Hahnbane Burina (Sharafkandi, 1991) and Persian-Kurdish Dictionary of university of Kurdistan (2014). Data analysis phase initiated with the identification of exocentric nominal compounds of the corpus by making use of Scalise and Goyura's (2011) hyponymy test beside the judgement of two author of the study as native speakers of Sorani Kurdish. Finally, 842 instantiations or 60% were found to be exocentric. The results showed that Sorani Kurdish exocentric compounds dominated by one macro-schema, 12 second-order schemas, and 54 sub-schemas. The results can be counted as a proof for the fact that nominal compounds of this type neither in form nor in semantic specifications are in total agreement with constituting elements. In other words, the rupture of motivation and blockage of the relationship between form and meaning is not a general feature among all exocentric compounds, while instantiations of this type cover a wide range of words with less dark meaning to absolutely dark lexical items. Accordingly, some of the nominal compounds did not benefit from formal head while the output constructions fall under “noun” as their parts of speech; thus it is the schemas that are effective both in determination of formal and semantic characteristics manifested in the output.
phonemics
Farnaz Ebadi; Mohammad Reza Orouji; Sakineh Ja'fari; Mehri Talkhabi
Volume 15, Issue 4 , March 2024, Pages 139-163
Abstract
At the present study, some Morpho-phonological processes in Azeri Turkish, Zanjani Dialect were studied based on Optimality Theory (Prince & Smolenski, 1993). This was a descriptive-analytical study and was based on interviews with 30 native speakers (between 15 and 75 years old) of Zanjan in three ...
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At the present study, some Morpho-phonological processes in Azeri Turkish, Zanjani Dialect were studied based on Optimality Theory (Prince & Smolenski, 1993). This was a descriptive-analytical study and was based on interviews with 30 native speakers (between 15 and 75 years old) of Zanjan in three groups of adolescents, middle-aged, and the elderly (each group included 10 interviewees). Their voices were recorded and later were transcribed. All the words were transcribed based on IPA, version 2005. Constraints were identified and ranked. Those constraints which were of two kinds (markedness and faithfulness) competed against one another to select the optimal candidate. Results illustrated that ONSET and HARMONY were high-ranked constraints, whereas IDENT-IO constraint was low-ranked one, the violation of which didn’t render the candidate non-optimal. It can also be concluded that morpho-phonological rules in Turkish Azeri, Zanjani Dialect could be analyzed via the optimality theory.
Linguistics and Khorasan dialects
Hamid Kheslati
Volume 15, Issue 4 , March 2024, Pages 165-177
Abstract
The rsults of research on authentic Farsi dialects can be used as a guide for the cultural authorities of Iran and will open a new venue for further research in this regard. Great Khorasan, where Dari Farsi originates from, has unique features. One of its features is that the dialect of many cities of ...
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The rsults of research on authentic Farsi dialects can be used as a guide for the cultural authorities of Iran and will open a new venue for further research in this regard. Great Khorasan, where Dari Farsi originates from, has unique features. One of its features is that the dialect of many cities of the province are far from extensive linguistic changes. The dialect of such cities as Gonabad, Qaen, Taibad, Torbat Heydarieh has underwent the least changes over time. A comparison of the dialect and vocabulary of the people of these areas with written sources of the 4th and 5th centuries can prove the claim. This research was carried out using a descriptive-analytical method, and observation and interview methods were used to collect the data. The research was carried out carefully on a small part of the dialect of Bimorgh village of Gonabad, Iran. The study showed the significance of time, its division, and naming among the people of this region. This study revealed that the residents of this village have various names and divisions for different moments of a day and night as well as for month and year. Considering the occupation of the majority of the people that is agriculture and animal husbandry, there seems to be intellectual reasons for the divisions. The devision provides exact time and diversity for doing works over days and months.
Linguistics and Khorasan dialects
Arman Bakhtyari
Volume 15, Issue 4 , March 2024, Pages 179-191
Abstract
The Turfan Parthian word “nw ̉r” appears in Manichaean Fragment M5815 Vi/29/. Andreas Henning (Durkin-Meisterernst, 2004) and Boyce (1975) have cited this word, but without any meaning or interpretation. Durkin-Meisterenst (2004) suggested that «poss. a misspelling of wᵓwr «belief» ...
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The Turfan Parthian word “nw ̉r” appears in Manichaean Fragment M5815 Vi/29/. Andreas Henning (Durkin-Meisterernst, 2004) and Boyce (1975) have cited this word, but without any meaning or interpretation. Durkin-Meisterenst (2004) suggested that «poss. a misspelling of wᵓwr «belief» which occurs in the same text a few later?» This paper aimed to find the root of this word and to interpret it with the help of other Persian words in modern Persian literature. To do this, the content of M5815 I from /22/ to /31/ and M5815 II, /1/ and /2/ were first transcribed and rendered into modern Persian. Then, the meaning of the word was clarified. Finally, it was shown that this word can be related to another Persian word “niv ridan” in both form and meaning.
