Critical Discourse Analysis
Erfan Ebrahimi; Behrooz Mahmoodi-Bakhtiari
Volume 15, Issue 4 , March 2024, , Pages 1-24
Abstract
This study examined the discourses of two dramatic texts written by Naghmeh Samini according to the hegemony of the time of production and consumption of the text. The plays Sheklak and Khab dar Fenjan-e Khali were published in between 2004 and 2008. The selected texts were used over the same time as ...
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This study examined the discourses of two dramatic texts written by Naghmeh Samini according to the hegemony of the time of production and consumption of the text. The plays Sheklak and Khab dar Fenjan-e Khali were published in between 2004 and 2008. The selected texts were used over the same time as the fundamentalist government governed. In this research, the plays were not studied as mere artistic texts, but as a linguistic elements that include different discourses. Using Fairclough's critical discourse analysis, the social practice of dramatic texts were investigated. Using his three-stage model, i.e., analyzing the text, finding the discourse practice, and finding the social practice, the texts were analyzed. The results showed that the ruling discourse of that time had an impact on the formation of texts, and at the same time, the discourses used by the author in the plays are based on the author’s gender and some other characteristics. The discourse is far from the articulation of the hegemonic discourse of the time. Although the author tries to distance himself from hegemony by using linguistic tools, yet the extent of this distance and how ideology and power are reflected in the texts can be examined.
Critical Discourse Analysis
Ahmad Sepantamehr; Majidreza Khazaivafa; Ali Mandegar
Volume 15, Issue 3 , December 2023, , Pages 89-53
Abstract
Language can be studied from various perspectives. One of the methods for studying linguistic variations in society is examining cultural sources such as stories, novels, musical productions, poems, and ancient myths. Among the topics that have received significant attention in the media and have an ...
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Language can be studied from various perspectives. One of the methods for studying linguistic variations in society is examining cultural sources such as stories, novels, musical productions, poems, and ancient myths. Among the topics that have received significant attention in the media and have an important place in the representations is the concept “gender”, particularly the representation of masculinity or femininity. The representation of patriarchy has various positive and negative aspects and varies across different cultures. The portrayal of a powerful and influential man is influenced by the components of a culture and its role and position within that context. This study aimed to explore the representation of patriarchy in a positive form in ancient Persian poetry from the perspective of social linguistics. To achieve this, verses that have a clear connection with the subject matter of the research, that is, gender-based linguistic interaction, were selected. Using Barthes’ three-level semiotic analysis method, the representation of the male character and specifically the father, as well as the linguistic position of the father compared to other roles, were analyzed from the perspective of social linguistics. The results on that the ancient poetry showed the representation of male linguistic control, linguistic dominance of the father over other roles, the absence of dialogue, and the establishment of a framework for making requests from the central male figure (father), as well as gendered language in linguistic interactions. This representation is based on the ideology and patriarchy discourse in society, and although it has been considered positive in society and culture, it does not hold the same position and role in contemporary society.
Critical Discourse Analysis
Reza Ghanbari Abdolmaleki; Shahrbanou Ghorban Abdolmalaki
Volume 15, Issue 3 , December 2023, , Pages 193-167
Abstract
Taking van Dijk's theory and critical approach, this study sought to examine the discursive strategies employed by James Morier in the transformation and representation of Oriental-Iranian life. To do so, by examining Haji Baba Esfahani’s biography novel, the study attempted to answer the following ...
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Taking van Dijk's theory and critical approach, this study sought to examine the discursive strategies employed by James Morier in the transformation and representation of Oriental-Iranian life. To do so, by examining Haji Baba Esfahani’s biography novel, the study attempted to answer the following questions: 1) How did Morier's ideology affect his speech? 2) How are the identity and life of the Eastern-Iranian represented in the speech of this Western and Christian writer? 3) What are the most practical methods and strategies to identify Morier's ideology in the novel? To this end, the authors have critically examined the role of these representations in the production processes of colonial discourse. The data were collected from libraries, and the research method was descriptive-analytical. The findings demonstrated that Morier's discourse contains representations of the East as it has been conceived by Western Orientalists, which is seen as “other” in their ideology and connected to racism. On the basis of this ideology, Morier has attempted to present an unpleasant picture of Iranian society during the Qajar era by changing the negative image and giving himself identity by attributing negative traits to Iranians. It is worth noting that ideological structures are expressed in several ways in the novel’s discourse in terms of “meaning”, “formal structures”, and “rhetoric”.
Critical Discourse Analysis
Gholamhossein Khalilpour; Shahpur Shahvali Kouh Shouri; Seyed Ali Sohrabnejad
Volume 15, Issue 3 , December 2023, , Pages 216-195
Abstract
So far, various theories have been proposed in various scientific branches on the category of personality, among which are the opinions of Jean Shinoda Bolen. Taking an archetypal approach and considering Greek myths, he has represented new dimensions of each character based on their attributes. Bolen's ...
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So far, various theories have been proposed in various scientific branches on the category of personality, among which are the opinions of Jean Shinoda Bolen. Taking an archetypal approach and considering Greek myths, he has represented new dimensions of each character based on their attributes. Bolen's comments have a favorable impact in providing a new reading of fictional texts and the characters present in them. Accordingly relying on library sources, taking a descriptive-analytical method, and considering Jean Shinoda Bolen’s archetypal views, the personalities of Yeki Boud Yeki Naboud (once upon a time) by Mohammad Ali Jamalzadeh were examined. The archetypal characteristics of the characters are considered with regard to their actions and psychological functioning, which can reveal the hidden layers of their characteristics. The results of showed that the influence of the archetypes of Hades, Zeus, Hephaestus, Dionysus and Hermes have been in the inner and outer world of characters, and the result of this influence has been sometimes positive and sometimes negative. This shows Jamalzadeh’s belief in the grayness of human personality and removing the absolutism (good or bad) in dealing with others. Moreover, it was found that Sheikh Jafar has the most complex personality in the story of the political man, who shows signs of the archetypes of Zeus (desire for power), Hermes (trickster and messenger), Hephaestus (inner dissatisfaction, weakness in political skills, etc.). These are evident in his actions, words and thoughts. Other characters are created and processed quite simply and predictably.
Critical Discourse Analysis
Zohreh Niksiyar; Maryam Dorpar
Volume 15, Issue 1 , May 2023, , Pages 125-160
Abstract
In various texts, lexical and rhetorical variables play a prominent role in directing the content, and conveying ideology explicitly or implicitly. In the present research, in order to evaluate the level of frankness or concealment of the authors, the function of four stylistic and discourse-orientated ...
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In various texts, lexical and rhetorical variables play a prominent role in directing the content, and conveying ideology explicitly or implicitly. In the present research, in order to evaluate the level of frankness or concealment of the authors, the function of four stylistic and discourse-orientated variables, "idioms", "vocabularies belonging to specific discourses", "symbolization" and association of meanings" and "narrative allegory" in a number of narratives of Persian socialist realism, written between 1320-1332, have been examined in the framework of critical stylistics. The results show that although all the authors of the works in the question sought to reflect the ruling spirit of the time and legitimize the struggle against domination, but in transferring this ideology to the audience, they have acted in two different ways. Party writers who have been in direct contact with the Tudeh party and have produced their narrative works on the order of this party, Do not have much desire to use the methods of concealing ideology, such as symbolizing and associating meanings, as well as allegory. They mostly use the stylistic alternative of using words belonging to specific discourses to convey the desired ideology naked. This is while critical and independent writers from the Tudeh party, using rhetorical techniques of symbolization and association of meanings as well as allegory, have tried to deepen the text, hide the ideology and implicitly induce it to the audience and the audience is placed not only in contrast to the structural and repressive power ruling the society, but in contrast to the ruling values and their hegemonic domination.
Critical Discourse Analysis
Zahra Amini Shalamzarri; Mohammad Reza Nasr Esfahani; Sayyedeh Rozatian
Volume 15, Issue 1 , May 2023, , Pages 161-196
Abstract
One of the cases of the use of Contradiction and Paradox in literary works is the description of the lover and the beloved, Because the power of love is beyond what can flow in the normal speech of the language. To describe the concept of love poets and writers go beyond ordinary language to better express ...
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One of the cases of the use of Contradiction and Paradox in literary works is the description of the lover and the beloved, Because the power of love is beyond what can flow in the normal speech of the language. To describe the concept of love poets and writers go beyond ordinary language to better express the state of the lover and the beloved. In this research, an attempt has been made to answer this question by using critical discourse analysis and Fairclough's three-dimensional model, what is the role and position of Contradiction and Paradox in expressing the state of the lover and the beloved The result of the research is that Contradiction and Paradox are evident at all levels of Fairclough's theory. The use of Contradiction and Paradox to express the state of the lover is more than the beloved. The gender difference makes the poet use different methods of contradiction and paradox to describe the lover and the beloved. The male sex has more power than the female, and the poet uses a more obvious contrast, But because revealing the issues of love for the female gender is against the custom, he uses contrast.
Critical Discourse Analysis
Maryam Rashidi
Volume 14, Issue 3 , December 2022, , Pages 27-65
Abstract
The present research analyses Hafez's mystical language with an analytic-descriptive method and according to Norman Fairclough’s three levels pattern: description, interpretation and explanation. Then answers to this main issue: Why, how and by using which lingual structures did Hafez create his ...
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The present research analyses Hafez's mystical language with an analytic-descriptive method and according to Norman Fairclough’s three levels pattern: description, interpretation and explanation. Then answers to this main issue: Why, how and by using which lingual structures did Hafez create his mystical discourse and make it comprehensible? For this purpose, after describing Hafez's mystical poems according to Michael Halliday’s systemic-functional linguistics framework and relying on the ideational metafunction of language in that framework, by observing the interlingual and extralingual contexts of the poems and with an intertextual analysis, it interprets and explains them ideologically. The results of the research indicate that the distinguished mystical features in Hafez's mystical language have some points in common with other mystical texts and besides presenting the intertextual characteristics and general principles of mystical discourse, they indicate Hafez's personal and ideological views related to cultural and social conditions of his time. The achievement of the present research is to justify and describe Hafez's mystical language scientifically and pattern based and also to express how and why his mystical discourse is formed, produced and comprehended with applying effective and reliable instruments of critical discourse analysis. Therefore, the achieved results are reliable and based on modern linguistics authentic and reasonable rudiments and are also far from generalization and its following mistakes.
Critical Discourse Analysis
Mohammad Reza Pahlavannezhad
Volume 14, Issue 3 , December 2022, , Pages 193-215
Abstract
Critical analysis as one of the discourse analysis approaches that tries to demystify power relationships and hidden ideologies in it by text denaturalization and review of structures and discourse-oriented components of texts. In the present research, dominant discourse analysis approaches and text ...
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Critical analysis as one of the discourse analysis approaches that tries to demystify power relationships and hidden ideologies in it by text denaturalization and review of structures and discourse-oriented components of texts. In the present research, dominant discourse analysis approaches and text analysis tools are briefly introduced based on Van Leeuwen pattern (1996); then, analysis of the movie “Souteh-delan”, written and directed by the late Ali Hatami is done with the help of these tools and in theoretical discourse framework of Laclau and Mouffe; religious discourses formation, sex, rationalism and emotionalism are also considered in detail. The present study objectively shows how ideologies and power relations can affect people attitudes and insights and manifest in their relations and social interactions. Other results of this study show that according to the traditional attitude, man believes in right of dominance to the woman by highlighting concepts like overtopping and executor of power.
Critical Discourse Analysis
Maryam Dorpar
Volume 14, Issue 2 , July 2022, , Pages 31-58
Abstract
Knowing the genres and sub-genres of Persian poetry is a fundamental issue; The present study, with the aim of helping the typology of contemporary Persian poetry, introduces the "nestless subject" as a stylistic feature of a part of new and white poetry called political-critical poetry. The study and ...
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Knowing the genres and sub-genres of Persian poetry is a fundamental issue; The present study, with the aim of helping the typology of contemporary Persian poetry, introduces the "nestless subject" as a stylistic feature of a part of new and white poetry called political-critical poetry. The study and typology of political-critical poetry of four prominent contemporary poets - Nima Yoshij, Akhavan Sales, Shamloo and Shafiee Kadkani.By asking the questions of what frightening objects the rejection has become in reality in the poem and through what discourses the rejected subject has rejected and rejected power as a contaminated thing, and finally how within the network. The power complex has taken hold and created points of resistance. By studying contemporary poetry based on the above theory, the results of the research show four types of poetry:Nima Yoshij's political-critical poetry genre is hopeful, compromising, and compromising. The poem of Mehdi Akhavan Sales shows a necessary, lonely and irreconcilable resistance, the rejection of identity of which is evident in its political discourse; Hence, we classify the Brotherhood's poetry as fighting and anger. In Shamloo's poetry, the subject is in a constant struggle between life and death, and death is the predominant aspect of his political-critical poetry. Mixed; Hence, we consider the title of critical-lyrical poem suitable for it, and finally, in Shafi'i critical poetry, the coding of hair and the pain of losing its glory and long-standing glory are prominent, so we call his critical poetry painful glories.
Critical Discourse Analysis
Maryam Rashidi; Sayyedeh Rozatian
Volume 13, Issue 2 , February 2022, , Pages 49-78
Abstract
One of the effective methods to study the semantic aspects of mystical language in literary texts is critical discourse analysis, which is a new attitude of discourse analysis in linguistics studies that analyses texts considering sociocultural context. The present research analyses Hafez's mystical ...
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One of the effective methods to study the semantic aspects of mystical language in literary texts is critical discourse analysis, which is a new attitude of discourse analysis in linguistics studies that analyses texts considering sociocultural context. The present research analyses Hafez's mystical language with an analytic-descriptive method and based on Fairclough’s pattern and answers to this issue: How and why did Hafez create his mystical discourse and make it comprehensible? For this purpose, after describing Hafez's mystical sonnets according to Halliday’s systemic-functional linguistics framework and relying on the interpersonal metafunction of language in that framework, by observing the interlingual and extralingual contexts and with an intertextual analysis, it pulls out the reasons and explanations required from the beddings of his words and interprets and explains them ideologically. The results of the research indicate that factors performing the interpersonal metafunction in Hafez’s language are marked and discursive; they play an ideological role and are considered discursive features. The interpretation and explanation of these meaning features indicate that worldview, ideology, power relations and epistemological devices are the main effective factors in the formation and comprehension of Hafez’s mystical discourse. The achievement of the present research is to justify and describe Hafez's mystical language scientifically and pattern based and also to express how and why his mystical discourse is formed, produced and comprehended with applying effective and reliable instruments of critical discourse analysis. Therefore, the achieved results are based on linguistics authentic and reasonable rudiments and are also far from generalization and its following mistakes.
Critical Discourse Analysis
Adel Mohammadi; Ferdows Aghagolzadeh; Zahra Abolhasani Chime
Volume 13, Issue 2 , February 2022, , Pages 195-224
Abstract
The Pahlavi era has given racial framing forward to minorities in the press texts, therefore, linguistic analysis of the mentioned period can show what narratives are being presented to and adopted by the public.The present study investigates the linguistic and ideological components of ethnic minorities ...
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The Pahlavi era has given racial framing forward to minorities in the press texts, therefore, linguistic analysis of the mentioned period can show what narratives are being presented to and adopted by the public.The present study investigates the linguistic and ideological components of ethnic minorities in the press of Pahlavi. The data of this research are collected from these newspaper '350 texts at the specified interval (1945 to 1947).The research methodology is type a descriptive – analytic and it by using the van Dijk's Model of Critical Discourse Analysis of racism intends to analyze the texts of the mentioned newspapers. The findings show that newspapers affiliation with power structures has influenced how editors' ideas and thoughts towards ethnic minorities, because these newspapers by using underlying and meaning ideologies in the model of van Dijk racism such as lexical item , syntactic structure, topics, polarization, Topoi, speech acts and presuppositions show covert racism and marginalize ethnic minorities. It can be said that this model can correctly analyze newspaper data on racism.
